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Educational  Survey  of 

Ben  Hill  County 

Georgia 


By 

M.  L.  DUGGAN,  Rural  School  Agent 


No.  24 


Under  Direction  of  State 

DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 


M.  L.  BRITTAIN 
State  Superintendent  of  Schools 
1918 


GEORGIA. 


NOTE:  An  experience  with  county- wide  local  school  tax  is  the 
most  effective  argument  for  it.  Counties  adjacent  to  local  tax  coun- 
ties, seeing  its  benefits,  most  readily  vote  for  it.    See  map. 


Shaded  Counties:     County- wide  Local  Tax. 

LOCAL  TAX  COUNTIES 

These  counties  tax  themselves  in  order  that  all — not  some — of  their 
schools  may  be  improved  One  by  one  others  are  adding  themselves 
to  the  roll  of  the  educational  leaders  who  demonstrate  thus  practically 
their  belief  in  the  necessity  for  more  and  better  training  for  the 
children  A  few  years  ago  only  Chatham,  Richmonl,  Bibb,  and  Glynn 
had  county-wide  local  taxation: 

Bacon,  Ben  Hill,  Bibb,  Bryan,  Burke,  Butts,  Camden,  Chatham, 
Chattahoochee,  Clark,  Clinch,  Coffee,  Columbia,  Crawford,  Crisp,  De- 
Kalb,  Echols,  Emanuel,  Fulton,  Glascock,  Glynn,  Hancock,  Hart, 
Henry,  Houston,  Irwin,  Jasper,  Jeff  Davis,  Jenkins,  Jones,  Lee,  Lincoln, 
Mcintosh,  Mitchell,  Monroe,  Montgomery,  Morgan,  Muscogee,  Newton, 
Pulaski,  Quitman,  Rabun,  Randolph,  Richmond,  Screven,  Spalding, 
Stewart,  Talbot,  Terrell,  Tift,  Walton,  Wayne,  Wheeler,  Wilkes, 
Worthv^  {Total  55.^  ;  ;:;  -    ; 


BEN  HILL  COUNTY  SCHOOL  ADMINISTRATION. 

HON.  J.  H.  BULLARD,  Superintendent Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

HON.  R.  R.  DORMINEY,  Member  Board Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

HON.  Wm.  WILLIAMS,  Member  Board Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

HON.  L.  ROBITZSCH,  Chairman  Board Fitzgerald,   Ga. 

HON.  — .  — .  PITMAN,  Demonstration  Agent Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

HON.  Z.  A.  DORMINEY,  Member  Board Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

HON.  S.  S.  YOUNG,  Member  Board Fitzgerald,  Ga. 


40293a 


FIRST 
WARD 
SCHOOL 
.;  BUItDiNG 


THIRD  WARD 
SCHOOLBim 


SECOND 

WARD 

SCHOOL 

BUILDING 


FITZGERALD  CITY  SCHOOLS 
J.  E.  Ricketson,  Superintendent. 


BEN  HILL  COUNTY 

Ben  Hill  county  was  organized  in  1907,  contains  350 
square  miles  of  territory,  a  population  of  11,863,  and  a 
school  population  of  1,244  whites  and  1,359  negroes,  not 
including  Fitzgerald. 

The  taxable  property  outside  of  Fitzgerald  (subject  to 
the  county  school  tax)  is  approximately  $1,657,060.00.  Un- 
der a  five  mills  school  tax  this  should  yield  to  the  rural 

schools    - $  8,385.00 

to  which  is  added  from  State  fund 10,385.97 

making  a  total  for  the  rural  schools $18,770.97 

Fitzgerald,  the  county  seat,  is  a  thriving  city  of  9,000 
population,  enjoying  a  special  public  system  separate  from 
the  county  and  well  known  as  one  of  the  most  progressive 
in  the  State.  Fitzgerald  is  the  only  post  office  in  the  county, 
all  sections  of  the  county  being  supplied  with  R.  F.  D. 
routes  from  this  office  or  from  a  few  offices  outside  of  the 
county. 

A  fine  system  of  public  roads  traverse  the  county  in  all 
directions,  and  the  county  invests  annually  approximately 
$20,000.00  in  their  maintenance.  This  amount,  it  will  be 
noticed,  is  about  $11,615.00  more  than  the  county  pays  for 
the  maintenance  of  its  public  schools,  although  the  school 
levy  reaches  the  constitutional  limit  of  five  mills. 

Both  are  important  public  interests,  and  are  mutually 
helpful  in  promoting  each  other,  but  does  this  proportion 
properly  express  the  public's  estimate  of  the  importance  of 
their  public  schools? 

BEN  HILL  COUNTY  SCHOOLS. 

We  have  seen  nowhere  in  the  State  a  broader  and  better 
foundation  laid  upon  which  to  build  a  strong  and  efficient 
system  of  rural  public  schools  than  that  begun  in  Ben  Hill 


county  in  the  matter  of  large  school  districts  and  the  lo- 
cations of  the  schools.  This  work  has  not  yet  been  com- 
pleted, for  there  are  still  parts  of  the  county  where  con- 
solidations are  as  yet  only  in  contemplation.  When  the 
original  plan  of  consolidation  is  completed  there  should  be 
no  further  serious  obstacles  in  the  way  of  building  educa- 
tional plants  capable  of  great  efficiency.  Furthermore,  as 
will  be  seen  from  these  reports,  where  consolidations  are 
accomplished  large  areas  have  been  acquired  for  school 
grounds,  substantial  buildings  have  been  erected  with  pro- 
visions for  class  rooms,  community  auditoriums,  education 
in  the  practical  arts,  etc.,  etc.  At  the  first  one  of  these 
schools  completed  (Ashton)  there  was  also  provided  a  com- 
fortable and  attractive  teachers'  cottage  on  the  corner  of 
the  school  lot  of  five  acres.  It  is  a  discouraging  sign,  how- 
ever, to  see  this  pretty  cottage  no  longer  occupied.  Here, 
as  also  at  several  others,  was  provided  some  equipment  once 
used  for  teaching  cooking,  manual  training,  etc.,  giving 
evidence  of  former  progress  at  some  of  the  schools  in  im- 
portant directions  so  plainly  indicated  by  the  demands  of 
modern  education.  It  is  greatly  to  be  regretted  that  some 
of  this  equipment  has  been  disposed  of,  and  that  none  of 
it  is  being  utiHzed  in  the  educational  work  of  the  county 
now  when  the  exegencies  of  the  times  call  so  loudly  for 
practical  education  in  the  home-making  activities.  It  is 
also  to  be  regretted  that  the  opportunities  for  the  now  uni- 
versally popular  and  important  activities  in  school  gar- 
dening, so  well  provided  for  in  the  large  areas  at  these  con- 
solidated schools,  are  being  neglected  at  many  places  and 
so  little  used  at  others. 

By  reference  to  the  reports  on  the  individual  schools  here- 
in it  will  be  observed  that  there  are  still  commendable  ef- 
forts at  school  gardening  at  a  few  of  them.  This  year  above 
all  others  is  the  loudest  call  for  this  work. 

It  is  a  question  as  to  whether  the  lack  of  enthusiastic 
school  spirit  on  the  part  of  most  of  the  schools  and  com- 
munities is  a  cause  or  a  result  of  this  attitude  of  the  schools 


towards  progressive  practical  activities.  Anyway,  if  a 
strong  and  aggressive  school  spirit  is  to  be  created  or  re- 
created the  initiative  must  arise  in  the  schools  by  rendering 
such  kinds  of  service  as  the  times  demand. 

A  broad  foundations  laid  only  furnishes  the  opportunity 
for  a  strong  superstructure,  which  it  is  to  be  hoped  the 
progressive  citizenship  of  Ben  Hill  county  will  insist  upon 
seeing  completed  in  accordance  with  the  educational  de- 
mands of  the  coming  generation.  A  constant  and  aggres- 
sive leadership  and  supervision,  well  trained  teachers  of 
good  scholarship,  a  rigid  enforcement  of  the  compulsory 
attendance  laws,  and  enthusiastic  interest  on  the  part  of 
patrons  and  citizens  will  bring  about  the  desired  results. 
We  believe  the  county  will  be  satisfied  with  nothing  less. 

There  are  fourteen  white  rural  schools  in  the  county 
served  by  twenty -four  teachers.  Of  these  five  are  one-teach- 
er schools;  three  are  two-teacher  schools;  three  are  three- 
teacher  schools;  one  four-teacher  school.  Consolidations 
are  under  contemplation  for  several  of  these  one-teacher 
schools.  Ten  wagons  transport  160  pupils  at  a  total  cost  of 
$1,365.00.  This  is  less  than  it  would  cost  to  operate  ten 
other  little  schools  for  these  children  otherwise  out  of  reach 
of  schools,  to  say  nothing  of  the  better  service  to  them. 
However,  this  very  low  average  cost  of  transportation  ($1.16 
per  month)  is  possible  only  through  co-operation  of  appre- 
ciative patrons  who  realize  the  better  service  to  their  chil- 
dren. 

RECOMMENDATIONS. 

I  would  respectfully  recommend: 

1.  Completing  the  program  of  consolidation  as  contemp- 
lated. 

2.  Increasing  the  professional  strength  of  the  teaching 
force  of  the  county  by  selecting  only  well  trained  teachers. 
This  implies  better  salaries. 


3.  The  full  utilization  of  the  large  school  grounds  for 
school  gardens  and  the  study  and  intensive  cultivation  of 
these  by  the  teachers  and  pupils.  The  exigencies  of  the 
times  will  give  impetus  to  this  work  and  assure  its  success. 
Also  the  introduction  of  Home  Economics  and  home-making 
activities  into  all  of  the  larger  schools.  For  directing  this 
work  a  Home  Economics  Demonstration  Agent  could  proba- 
bly be  secured  from  the  Extension  Department  of  the  State 
College  of  Agriculture  under  a  co-operative  arrangement. 

4.  The  promotion  of  an  inspirational  spirit  of  loyalty  to 
the  schools  throughout  the  county  by  all  of  the  above  sug- 
gested methods,  and  by  promoting  wholesome  rivalries  and 
contests  betwen  the  individual  schools,  school  meets  of  vari- 
ous kinds,  and  educational  mass-meetings  among  the  people 
of  the  county. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

M.  L.  DUGGAN, 
Rural  School  Agent  for  Georgia. 
April,  1918. 


1.  ASHTON  SCHOOL. 

2.  TEACHERS'  HOME,  ASHTON  SCHOOL. 


ASHTON  SCHOOL 

Teachers:  Miss  Melcena  Boney,  Miss  Blondine  Wilbanks,  Fitzgerald, 
Ga. 

Location:  Four  miles  southwest  to  Union;  five  miles  northeast  to 
Eureka;   six  miles  west  to  Fitzgerald. 

Grounds:  Area,  five  acres;  title  in  county  board;  grounds  neglected; 
ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  two  toilets,  in  bad 
condition. 

Buildings:  Value,  school  building  $4,000.00,  teachers'  home  $2,500.00; 
three  class  rooms,  piano,  domestic  science  room,  auditorium, 
etc.;  cloak  rooms;  well  lighted;  in  good  repair  and  well 
kept;    floors  oiled. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks  and  teachers'  desks;  first-class, 
blackboards;  one  United  States  history  map  only;  charts; 
no  globe;  framed  pictures;  a  reference  dictionary;  library  of 
200  vols.;  formerly  had  a  small  equipment  for  Domestic 
Science,  but  it  has  been  disposed  cf. 

Organization:  Two  teachers  (usually  three);  seven  months  school 
year;  eight  grades;  enrollment  130;  programs  posted;  no 
organized  clubs;   four  wagons  transporting  eighty  pupils. 

Maintenance:  $927.50  for  teachers;  $630.00  for  transportation; 
$259.00  for  incidentals. 


10 


LYNNWOOD   SCHOOL. 

(A  consolidation  of  three  small  schools.) 

Teachers:  T.  J.  Henderson;  Mrs.  J.  H.  Bullard;  Miss  Ida  McMillan; 
Miss  Mae  Shaffer;    P.  0.  Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

Location:  One  mile  south  to  Fitzgerald;  two  miles  east  to  Cotton 
Mills  School;    six  miles  north  to  Vaughan-Taylor  school. 

Grounds:  Area,  five  acres;  title  in  county  board;  partly  improved; 
ample  playgrounds;  large  school  garden  well  cared  for;  two 
toilets  in  bad  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $3,500.00;  concrete  blocks;  four  class-rooms;  cloak 
rooms;  well  lighted;  floors  oiled;  in  good  repair,  and  well 
kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks  and  teachers*  desks;  first-class 
blackboards;  set  of  maps  mounted;  chart;  globe;  framed 
pictures;  reference  dictionary;  library  of  100  vols.;  piano; 
small  equipment  for  cooking,  but  not  in  use;  covered  water- 
cooler;  individual  drinking  cups.  First  grade  room  well 
equipped  with  illustrative  materials. 

Organization:  Four  teachers;  seven  months  school  year;  eight 
grades;  enrollment  145;  programs  posted;  an  organized  Lit- 
erary society;  a  Thrift  Stamp  club;  two  wagons  transporting 
36  pupils. 

Maintenance:  $1,505.00  for  teachers;  $315.00  for  transportation; 
$86.00  for  incidentals. 


11 


EMORY   SCHOOL. 

(A  consolidation  of  two  small  schools.) 

Teachers:  C.  T.  Smith;  Miss  Elvynne  Alberson;  Miss  Elizabeth  But- 
ler;  P.  O.  Rebecca,  Ga.,  Route  2. 

Location:  Four  miles  east  to  Oak  Ridge;  five  miles  northeast  to 
Lakeview. 

Grounds:  Area,  seven  and  half  acres;  cleaned  off,  but  unimproved; 
ample  playgrounds;  small  flower  gardens;  two  toilets  in  good 
condition. 

Building:  Value,  $3,000.00;  three  class  rooms;  cloak  rooms;  insuffi- 
ciently lighted;  painted  inside  and  outside;  in  good  repair 
and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  first-class  blackboards;  four  maps; 
no  charts;  no  globe;  framed  pictures;  a  small  library;  no 
reference  dictionary;  piano;  flags,  etc.;  building  insuffi- 
ciently heated  with  small  stoves. 

Organiaztion :  Three  teachers;  seven  months  school  year;  eight 
grades;  enrollment  120;  programs  posted;  literary  society; 
Thrift  Stamp  club;  one  wagon  transporting  15  pupils. 

Maintenance:  $1,155.00  for  teachers;  $140.00  for  transportation; 
$114.00  for  incidentals. 


12 


LAKEVIEW   SCHOOL. 

(A    consolidation   of   two   small   schools.) 

Teachers:  Miss  Lucile  Thomaston;  Miss  Myrtle  Stone;  P.  O.  Abba, 
Ga.,  Route  1. 

Location:  Five  miles  southwest  to  Emory;  five  miles  northeast  to 
Vaughan-Taylor. 

Grounds:  Area,  five  acres;  titles  in  county  board;  new  location  not 
yet  improved;  ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  two 
toilets  in  average  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $1,000.00;  two  class  rooms;  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;  floors  oiled;  painted  outside;  ceiled,  but  unpainted 
inside;  in  good  repair  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  fairly  good  blackboards;  1  United 
States  history  map;  charts;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no  library; 
no  reference  dictionary;  covered  water-cooler;  common  dip- 
pers. 


Organization:     Two     teachers;     seven    months     school    year;     seven 
grades;  enrollment  43;  programs  posted;  no  organized  clubs. 

Maintenance:     $662.50  for  teachers;   $49.00  for  incidentals. 

13 


VAUGHN-TAYLOR   SCHOOL. 

(A  consolidation  of  two  small  schools.) 

Teachers:     W.  A.  Stone;  Miss  Donna  Stone;  Fitzgerald,  Ga.,  Route  1. 

Location:  Five  miles  west  to  Lakeview;  seven  miles  south  to  Lynn- 
wood. 

Grounds:  Area,  five  acres;  titles  in  county  board;  new  location  as 
yet  unimproved;  ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  two 
toilets,  new. 

Building:  Value,  $1,600.00;  two  class  rooms;  no  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;  painted  inside  and  outside;  in  good  repair  and  well 
kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks  and  teachers'  desks;  first-class 
blackboards;  no  maps;  no  charts;  no  globe;  no  framed  pic- 
tures; a  small  library;   a  reference  dictionary;   organ. 

Organization:  Two  teachers;  seven  months  school  year;  nine  grades; 
enrollment  65;  programs  posted;  no  organized  clubs;  one 
wagon  transporting  18  pupils. 

Maintenance:  $805.00  for  teachers;  $140.00  for  transportation; 
$237.00  for  building,  incidental,  etc. 


14 


COTTON  MILLS  SCHOOL. 

(A   consolidation    of   two   small   schools.) 

Teachers:  C.  A.  Cozart;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Henderson;  Miss  Arrie  White; 
P.  O.  Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

Location:     At   Cotton  Mills,  just  outside   Fitzgerald. 

Grounds:  Area,  one  acre;  titles  in  board  of  education;  unimproved; 
ample  playgrounds;  small  school  garden;  two  toilets  in 
fair  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $3,500.00;  concrete;  four  class  rooms;  wide  halls 
used  for  cloak  rooms;  well  lighted;  floors  oiled;  plastered 
inside;  painted  outside;  in  good  repair  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks  and  teachers'  desks;  first-class 
blackboards;  no  maps;  charts;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no 
reference  dictionary;  a  small  library. 

Organization:  Three  teachers;  school  year  seven  months;  seven 
grades;  enrollment  100;  programs  posted;  no  organized 
clubs. 


Maintenance:     $1,102.00  for  teachers;   $69.36  for  incidentals. 

15 


ROANOKE  SCHOOL. 


Teachers:  Miss  Jessie  Lee  Rodges;  Miss  Louise  Gibbs;  P.  O.  Fitz- 
gerald, Ga. 

Location:     One  mile  to  Fitzgerald. 

Grounds:  Area,  two  and  half  acres;  title  in  county  board;  yards 
well  cleaned  up;  ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  two 
toilets  in  good  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $1,600.00;  two  class  rooms;  no  cloak  rooms;  in- 
sufficiently lighted;  floors  oiled;  painted  inside  and  outside; 
in  good  repair  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Single  patent  desks  and  teachers'  desks;  poor  black- 
boards; 1  United  States  history  map;  a  chart;  a  small  globe; 
no  pictures;  no  reference  dictionary;  library  of  60  vols.; 
organ;  flags,  etc. 

Organization:  Two  teachers;  seven  months  school  year;  eight  grades; 
enrollment  50;   programs  posted;    no  organized  clubs. 

Maintenance:     $700.00  for  teachers;  $64.15  for  incidentals. 


16 


UNION  SCHOOL. 


Teacher:     Miss  Ethel  Mayo,  Fitzgerald,  Ga. 

Location:  Three  miles  northwest  to  Fitzgerald;  four  miles  northeast 
to  Ashton;  no  other  school  near.  (Soon  to  be  removed  to 
a  new  location.) 

Grounds:  Area,  two  acres;  titles  (conditional)  in  the  county  board; 
unimproved;  ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  two 
toilets  in  fair  condition.     (New  location  to  have  five  acres.) 

Building:  Value,  $800.00;  two  class  rooms;  no  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;  painted  inside  and  outside;  well  kept,  but  in  bad 
repair.  (New  building  to  contain  four  class  rooms,  etc., 
an  approved  plan,  and  fully  equipped,  to  cost  $4,000.00.) 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  good  blackboards;  one  United 
States  history  map;  charts;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no  refer- 
ence dictionary;  very  small  library;  organ;  pencil  shapeners, 
etc. 

Organization:  One  teacher  (usually  two);  seven  months  school  year; 
seven  grades;  enrollment  65;  program  posted;  a  Literary  so- 
ciety;   a  tooth-brush  drill  twice  daily. 

Maintenance:     $575.00  for  teachers;  $75.25  for  incidentals. 

17 


CRISP  SCHOOL. 

Teachers:  E.  C.  Hogan;  Mrs.  Mattie  Williams;  P.  0.,  Forest  Glen, 
Ga.,  Route  — . 

Location:     Four  miles  east  to  Dorminey;  seven  miles  south  to  Ashton. 

Grounds:  Area,  one  acre;  titles  in  county  board;  partly  improved; 
ample  playgrounds;  a  school  garden;  two  toilets  in  average 
condition.  Large  United  States  flag  on  pole,  donated  by 
ladies  of  G.  A.  R. 

Building:  Value,  $1,600.00;  two  class  rooms;  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;  floors  oiled;  painted  inside  and  outside;  in  good 
repair  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  first-class  blackboards;  1  United 
States  history  map;  chart;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  a  refer- 
ence dictionary;  a  library  of  65  vols,  in  case. 

Organization:  Two  teachers;  seven  months  school  year;  eight 
grades;  enrollment  47;  programs  posted;  literary  society; 
one  wagon  transporting  10  pupils. 

Maintenance:  $630.00  for  teachers;  $140.00  for  transportation; 
$75.00  for  incidentals. 


18 


EUREKA  SCHOOL. 


Teacher:     Miss  Annie  Mae  McGlamry,  Fitzgerald,  Ga. 


Location:  Three  miles  east  to  Evergreen;  five  miles  northwest  to 
Dormineys. 

Grounds:  Area,  one  acre;  titles  in  county  board;  entirely  unimproved; 
ample  playgrounds;  no  school  garden;  one  toilet  only,  con- 
dition bad. 

Building:  Value,  $200.00;  one  class  room;  no  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;   unceiled;  unpainted;  in  bad  repair. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  and  home-made  desks;  good  blackboards; 
no  maps;  no  globe;  a  chart;  no  pictures;  no  reference  dic- 
tionary;  no  library. 

Organization:  One  teacher;  seven  months  school  year;  seven  grades; 
enrollment  22;   no  program  posted;  no  organized  clubs. 

Maintenance:     $280.00  for  teachers;  $49.21  for  incidentals. 


19 


EVERGREEN  SCHOOL. 

Teacher:     Miss  Nettie  Harrell,  P.  O.,  Wray,  Ga.,  Route  2. 

Location:  Three  miles  west  to  Eureka;  six  miles  northwest  to  Dor- 
miney. 

Grounds:  Area,  (?);  titles  (?);  unimproved;  ample  playgrounds; 
no  school  gardens;  two  toilets,  average  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $500.00;  one  class  room;  no  cloak  rooms;  fairly 
well  lighted;  ceiled,  but  unpainted;  well  kept,  but  in  bad 
repair. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  good  blackboards;  no  maps;  a 
chart;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no  reference  dictionary;  no 
library. 

Organization:  One  teacher;  seven  months  school  year;  seven  grades; 
enrollment  53;  no  program  posted;  a  community  school  club 
meets  weekly. 

Maintenance:     $332.50  for  teachers;   $49.21  for  incidentals. 


20 


DORMINEYS   SCHOOL. 


Teacher:     W.  E.  Flanagan;   P.  O.  Forest  Glenn,  Ga.,  Route  1. 


Location:     Four  miles  west  to  Crisp;  five  miles  southeast  to  Eureka. 


Grounds:  Area,  two  acres;  titles  in  county  board;  entirely  unim- 
proved and  neglected;  very  small  playgrounds;  no  school 
gardens;  only  one  toilet,  average  condition. 

Buildings:  Value,  $600.00;  one  class  room;  no  cloak  rooms;  fairly 
well  lighted;  ceiled,  but  unpainted;  in  good  repair,  but  not 
well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  fair  blackboards;  one  United 
States  history  map;  a  chart;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no  ref- 
erence dictionary;   no  library. 

Organization:  One  teacher;  seven  months  school  year;  seven  grades; 
enrollment  25;   no  program  posted;   no  organized  clubs. 

Maintenance:     $350.00  for  teachers;  $49.21  for  incidentals. 


21 


OAK   RIDGE  SCHOOL. 


Teacher:     Miss  Nancy  Gladden,  Abba,  Ga. 

Location:     Four  miles  west  to  Emory;  four  miles  north  to  Lakeview. 

Grounds:  Area,  one  acre;  titles  in  county  board;  grounds  unim- 
proved; ample  playgrounds;  no  school  gardens;  only  one 
toilet,  in  bad  condition. 

Building:  Value,  $650.00;  one  class  room;  no  cloak  rooms;  well 
lighted;  floors  oiled;  painted  inside  and  outside;  in  good 
condition  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks  (in  bad  repair);  good  blackboards; 
one  United  States  history  map;  a  chart;  no  globe;  no  pic- 
tures; a  reference  dictionary;  a  library  of  60  volumes;  organ. 

Organization:  One  teacher;  seven  months  school  year;  seven  grades; 
enrollment  69;  no  program  posted;  no  organized  clubs. 

Maintenance:     $385.00  for  teachers;   $49.21  for  incidentals. 


22 


ENGLEWOOD  SCHOOL. 

Teacher:     Miss  Bertha   Ballinger,   Fitzgerald,   Ga. 

Location:  Four  miles  east  to  Roanoak;  five  and  half  miles  northeast 
to  Fitzgerald. 

Grounds:  Area,  two  acres;  titles  doubtful;  unimproved;  ample  play- 
grounds; no  school  gardens;  two  toilets,  one  in  fair  con- 
dition, one  bad. 

Building:  Value,  $700.00;  one  class  room;  no  cloak  rooms;  fairly 
well  lighted;  floors  oiled;  painted  inside  and  outside;  in 
good  repair  and  well  kept. 

Equipment:  Double  patent  desks;  first  class  blackboards;  one  United 
States  history  map;  a  chart;  no  globe;  no  pictures;  no  ref- 
erence dictionary;   no  library;  a  sand-table. 

Organization:  One  teacher;  seven  months  school  year;  seven  grades; 
enrollment  41;   program  posted;   no  organized  club  work. 

Maintenance:     $350.00  for  teachers;  $74.21  for  incidentals. 


23 


QUEENLAND   NEGRO    SCHOOL. 
N.  E.  McLean,  PrincipaL 

The  Queensland  Negro  School  in  Ben  Hill  county  is  supported  by 
the  county  board  of  education,  the  Slater  Fund,  and  a  Negro  Baptist 
Association,  mainly  for  the  purpose  of  training  teachers  for  the 
negro  schools. 

It  is  located  eight  miles  from  Fitzgerald  in  a  farming  section,  on 
a  ten  acre  lot,  and  occupies  a  two-story  building  with  five  large  class 
rooms.     There  is  also  a  Dormitory  and  Teachers'  Home. 

The  equipment  is  meager,  but  with  some  provision  for  teaching 
cooking,   sewing,  farming,  etc. 

The  faculty  consists  of  the  principal  and  four  assistants,  and  the 
enrollment  averages  a  little  above  two  hundred  pupils. 


24 


TYPE  OF   NEGRO   SCHOOLS. 


Besides  Queenland  there  are  thirteen  other  negro  schools  in  the 
county,  all  one-teacher  schools.  The  majority  of  these  teachers  hold 
third  grade  licenses,  and  none  are  above  second  grade.  Their  salaries 
run  from  $90.00  to  $125.00. 

The  school  buildings  are  rude  and  practically  without  equipment. 


25 


LETTER  FROM  STATE  SUPERINTENDENT 
M.  L.  BRITTAIN 

To  the  County  Superintendent  and  Teachers: 

Educational  results  and  good  teaching  generally  are  not 
often  secured  in  a  shiftless-looking  building  in  which  neith- 
er patrons,  pupils,  nor  teachers  take  any  pride.  Indefinite- 
ness  has  been  removed  at  this  point  through  the  standard 
school.  In  the  larger  towns  and  cities  pressure  of  public 
sentiment  and  the  comment  of  visitors  will  sooner  or  later 
force  good  educational  conditions — and  they  are  improv- 
ing constantly.  Rural  communities  need  to  be  shown  and 
inspired  by  educational  leaders  and  we  have  sent  diplomas 
to  more  than  two  hundred  county  schools  where  the  super- 
intendents have  certified  to  the  fact  that  they  have  meas- 
ured up  to  the  standard  in  every  particular.  There  are  a 
number  of  localities  in  the  State  where  the  feeling  is  that 
no  community  in  the  county  is  able  to  bring  its  school  up 
to  these  very  reasonable  requirements.  I  cannot  help  but 
think  that  this  is  a  mistaken  view  and  that  some  standard 
schools  could  be  secured  in  every  county  in  Georgia  and 
that  these  would  serve  to  inspire  the  others  to  progress. 
Superintendents  have  written  that  the  use  of  this  efficiency 
test  has  developed  more  progress  in  the  past  12  months 
than  for  years  previous  in  the  way  of  improvement.  The 
plan  is  of  no  value,  however,  where  it  is  not  used  or  applied 
and  I  earnestly  hope  we  will  have  the  effort  at  least  of 
every  superintendent  in  the  State  to  have  his  county  repre- 
sented on  this  roll  of  honor.  The  list  will  be  published  in 
the  next  Annual  Report.  The  standard  is  not  unreasonably 
high  and  no  more  than  the  Georgia  parent  has  the  right  to 
expect.  Copies  should  be  posted  in  every  county  school 
room  in  the  State  and  can  be  secured  for  this  purpose  at 
any  time  on  application  to  the  State  Department  of  Edu- 
cation. To  be  entitled  to  a  diploma  a  school  should  measure 
up  to  the  standard  in  the  following  particulars : 


26 


I.     The  Teacher. 

1.  Good  Teaching. 

2.  Good  Order  and  Management. 

3.  First  Grade  Certificate. 

4.  Full,  Neat,  and  Accurate  School  Register. 

5.  Daily  Program  Posted  in  Room. 

6.  Teacher's  Manual  on  Desk. 

II.  Grounds. 

1.  Good  Condition. 

2.  Playgrounds. 

3.  School  Garden. 

4.  Two  Separate  Sanitary  Closets. 

III.  Building. 

1.  Painted  Outside. 

2.  Plastered,  or  Ceiled  and  Painted. 

3.  No  Leaks. 

4.  Windows  without  Broken  Panes. 

5.  Cloak  Rooms. 

6.  Good  Doors  with  Locks  and  Keys. 

7.  Clean  and  Well-kept. 

IV.     Equipment. 

1.  Patent  Modern  Desks. 

2.  At  least  20  Lineal  feet  of  Blackboard  per  Room. 

3.  Building  Comfortably  Heated  and  Ventilated. 

4.  Framed  Pictures  on  the  Wall. 

5.  Dictionary,  Maps  and  Library. 

6.  Sanitary  Water  Supply. 

V.  Associated  Activities. 

1.     Manual  Arts,  Corn,  Canning,  Pig,  Poultry,  or  Cook- 
ing Club. 

VI.  Salary  of  Teacher. 
At  least  $40  per  month. 

VII.     Term. 
At  least  seven  months. 

27 


VC ' 55936 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CAUFORNIA  LIBRARY 


